HOW MUCH INTEGRITY DOES YOUR HEART HAVE?

“And David shepherded them with integrity of heart; with skillful hands he led them.” (Psalm 78:72 NIV)

Integrity filled David’s heart.

Integrity, according to Webster’s, is:

“The entire, unimpaired state of anything, particularly of the mind; moral soundness or purity; incorruptness; uprightness; honesty. integrity comprehends the whole moral character, but has a special reference to uprightness in mutual dealings, transfers of property, and agencies for others.” 

When a ship’s walls are secure and robust, they have integrity.  However, if a hole punctures the boat, its integrity is breached.  Water pouring through the hole is hard to stop; within minutes, the bottom begins to fill with water.  How large the puncture is, determines how fast the boat sinks.  Think of the Titanic when it hit the iceberg.  Once touted as unsinkable, the ship didn’t take long to disappear underwater when the collision comprised the ship’s hull.

Just like the hull of a ship, once our integrity is compromised, it’s hard to fix.  If you get a reputation for lying, stealing, and cheating, gaining back integrity in your life is complicated.  When someone lies to me, I remember.  The next time I have interactions with them, I doubt what they say.  They are no longer a reliable source because you can’t believe them.  Once gone, integrity is hard to recover.

God and David’s heart are the same.

David’s integrity links directly to his relationship with God.  His devotion to the one true King paved the way for his pure heart.  Willingly, he served God, followed His decrees, and did His bidding.  As a result, he had a heart like God:

“I have found David, son of Jesse, a man after my own heart; he will do everything I want him to do.” (Acts 13:22 NIV

If you want a heart filled with integrity, follow God’s commands.  Put into practice the things God tells us all to do.  Integrity comes when we don’t lie, steal, cheat, or kill.  In the face of opposition, we stand on the truth, trusting in its power.

Years ago, my husband and I played on a tennis team.  Our captain was not a woman of integrity.  Everything she said to get us to play on the team was not valid.  The captain recorded scores for matches that we never played.  We had no idea what we were getting into when we agreed to play.  Because she had no integrity, she compromised ours.  We left the team; I’ve never played for that league again. She destroyed our friendship over her lack of honesty.  Trust is key to any relationship; without it, the relationship can’t exist.  Just like a ship that sinks when the hull’s integrity is compromised, friendships fail without truth.

God knows our hearts.  He searches them for iniquities.  Through Him, integrity can fill our hearts.

Question of the Day:

Have you asked God to search your heart?

Further Reading: Jeremiah 10:1-11:23 NIV, Colossians 3:18-4:18 NIV, Psalm 78:56-72 NIV,

Proverbs 24:28-29

WHAT SHOULD YOU THINK ABOUT?

“Set your minds on things above, not on earthly things.” (Colossians 3:2 NIV)

Think about God.

If we’re to set our minds on things above, we have to focus our thoughts on God.  We do that by engaging in His word, hanging with His people, and seeking a closer relationship with Him as a result.  One lie to debunk, you can’t control your thoughts.  Yes, you can.  Choose what you think about, stop stinking thinking.

After my father died, when I was a teenager, I struggled with bulimia.  In my sophomore year of college, I was in counseling for the emotional disorder about control.  Because I felt out of control with my father’s passing, I tried to gain control through eating.  As I came away from that period of life, I learned the power of choice.  We can control our brains; we can find healthy ways to deal with the hurts of life.  You can regulate what you think.

Control your thoughts.

What helps me focus my thoughts on God is starting my day with a quiet time.  Reading His word each morning brings Him to the forefront of my mind.  As the day progresses, inevitably, something happens that reminds me of what I read in the morning.   This practice helps me curb my thoughts and look to things, not of this world.  God’s word can help you, as well:

“We demolish arguments and every pretension that sets itself up against the knowledge of God, and we take captive every thought to make it obedient to Christ.” (2 Corinthians 10:5 NIV)

Controlling our thoughts requires capturing the bad ones.  One visual I use is an airplane coming in for a landing.  As the plane approaches, it asks for permission to land from the Air Traffic Control Tower.  If denied, they must keep flying.  In the same way, thoughts pour into our heads, asking permission to land.  We can grant or deny their request; we have the choice.  If it’s decline, let the thought keep on going, right on out the other side.  Don’t let any ideas land you don’t want in your head.

When my mind starts going places it shouldn’t go, I seek God.  Usually, the prayer is something like, “Lord, take control of my mind,” or “God reveal your truth to me.”   My choice in controlling my thoughts begins with God.  He helps me manage the runway of my mind.  Allowing His word clearance for landing paves the way for victory over my mind.  As I learn more and more about His promises, it’s easier to control my thoughts.   When lies try to land, the truth sends them flying.

Use God’s promises to send negative thoughts flying.  When you give His word permission to land, your thought life will change.  Gain victory over your thoughts with God.

Question of the Day:

What thoughts are you letting land in your mind?

Further Reading: Jeremiah 8:8-9:26 NIV, Colossians 3:1-17 NIV, Psalm 78:32-55 NIV, Proverbs 24:27 NIV

WHAT IS THE BEST ANSWER YOU COULD GIVE SOMEONE?

“An honest answer is like a kiss on the lips.” (Proverbs 24:26 NIV)

Honest answers are the best answers.

Webster’s 1828 Dictionary defines honest:  Upright; just; fair in dealing with others; free from trickiness and fraud; acting and having the disposition to act at all times according to justice or correct moral principles; applied to persons. 

Honesty isn’t easy.

As a dog walker, people trust me.  A few years ago, one of my clients changed their normal time.  Instead of 12:00 p.m. as usual, they asked me to wait until 3:00 p.m.  “No problem,” was my answer.  However, I completely forgot to go.  Typically, my afternoons are my study time for school.  I was working on a project, lost all track of time.  Around 6:00 p.m. that evening, I realized what I had done.   Praying for mercy, I texted my clients and told the truth.  Their response surprised me.  They thanked me for my honesty and forgave me; they said it was hard to find honest people these days.  

Honest people are hard to find.

Being honest is difficult, especially when it comes to ourselves.  The person we tend to lie to most is ourselves.  For me, I don’t even realize the lies I tell myself, but other people do.  People can see the lies we believe better than we can.  Getting honest with ourselves is the first step to honesty with others.

For me to tell my clients the truth, I had to admit my irresponsibility.  Priding myself on my work ethic is something I have always done; when I falter, it’s difficult for me to accept.  But accepting the truth helps us move forward.  Thinking about it now, I remember how difficult it was for me to send the initial text admitting my wrongdoing.  But the freedom in telling the truth is worth the momentary uncomfortableness.  No one is perfect; we can’t expect it out of anyone, including ourselves.

Honesty helps us stay humble.

Telling the truth is humbling.  Admitting to my clients, I had failed humbled me.  And the incident grew my grace muscle.  As others forgave me, they set an example to help me forgive others.  In humility, we serve others best.

“You, my brothers and sisters, were called to be free. But do not use your freedom to indulge the flesh; rather, serve one another humbly in love.” (Galatians 5:13 NIV)

Honesty allows us to serve others humbly in love.

When someone you love is struggling, and you don’t know what to do, admit it.  Don’t try to have all the answers for them; instead, acknowledge that you don’t.  Ask them how you can best serve them.   Pray specifically for their needs, let God do the heavy lifting

Answer honestly, it’s better than anything else you can do.

Question of the Day:

How honest are you with yourself and others?

Further Reading: Jeremiah 6:16-8:7 NIV, Colossians 2:8-23 NIV, Psalm 78 NIV, Proverbs 24:26 NIV

WHAT IS YOUR GOAL IN LIFE?

“My goal is that they may be encouraged in heart and united in love, so that they may have the full riches of complete understanding, in order that they may know the mystery of God, namely, Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.” (Colossians 2:2-3 NIV)

If you don’t have a goal, you’ll never achieve it.

Paul’s goal in life was to share Jesus.  A long time ago a friend posed the question to me:

 “What do you want people to say about you when you die?” 

My response, after some thought: “She loved the Lord.”  Her question made me realize, I want people to talk about my love of God when I die.  Not only that, I hope and pray, they love Him even more than I do.   If I want it said about me after I’m gone, I have to live it while I’m here on earth. 

Answering that question gave me my life goal.  In order for that description to become a reality, I realized I needed to live a life that reflected God.  The journey began with answering a question.  Diving into my response led me into an adventure I couldn’t imagine.  God’s reality in my life deepens the more I seek Him. My goal resembles Paul’s more as I experience God’s presence in my life.

Find your goal, find your purpose.

Everyone wants to know why they are here on earth.  Helping people find their purpose is something I love to do.  Often, the answer is apparent, but seeing it is the problem.  We all have visions of grandeur, but in reality, our purpose might not bring fame and fortune in this world, but our crowns in heaven are waiting.

“Blessed is the man who remains steadfast under trial, for when he has stood the test he will receive the crown of life, which God has promised to those who love him.” (Matthew 16:27 NIV)

Start by asking the right question: what do you want to be known for after you’re gone?  Thinking about our own death isn’t easy, but will help you find your purpose.  Knowing our days on earth are numbered, helps us not waste them.  For me, the reality of death motivates me to live life to the fullest today.

For instance, each year you have 52 Saturday’s.  Over a lifetime of 80 years, that’s 4160.  On my birthday a couple of weeks ago, I turned 51.  Doing the math, that means I’ve already spent 2,603 of those Saturday’s.  The problem is, I don’t remember most of them.   They slide by so quickly, we don’t even realize we’re spending them, but once gone, they’re gone for good.

Don’t waste the time God has given you.  Ask the question.  Find the answer that leads to your life goal.

Question of the Day:

What do you want people to say about you when you die?

Further Reading: Jeremiah 4:19-6:15 NIV, Colossians 1:18-2:7 NIV, Psalm 77 NIV, Proverbs 24:23-25 NIV

WHAT ARE YOU SURE NEVER TO FORGET?

“Does a young woman forget her jewelry, a bride her wedding ornaments? Yet my people have forgotten me, days without number.” (Jeremiah 2:32 NIV)

Women don’t forget their jewelry, men don’t forget their wallets, but we all forget God.

Jeremiah was a young prophet called by God to carry a message of repentance to the people he loved.  His message is timeless because sin never ends.  The idols of Jeremiah’s day, wealth, talent, and position are the same as today.  His book is the longest in the Bible.  According to the New Spirit-Filled Life Bible, Jeremiah understood relationship with God is moral and spiritual.  We are responsible for the sin in our lives.  Bad behavior has consequences.  The new covenant with Jesus is a spiritual bond that forgives our sin, remembering it no longer.  Does God’s forgiveness mean we won’t suffer the consequences of our actions? No.

Alcohol offers an easy analogy.  If you drink too much, it’s a sin.  God’s word tells us moderation is vital.  Overindulging is gluttony, and alcohol has the potential to take the place of God in your life.  When you repent, God forgives.  He loves unconditionally and accepts you with open arms.  But you still have the hangover the next morning.  Our battle with sin becomes a tug-of-war between our fleshly desires and our spiritual ones.

Battling our sinful nature deepens our relationship with God.

One of the best illustrations I’ve heard was in a sermon long ago.  The pastor said a man struggling with alcohol addiction came to see him.  He asked the clergyman, “Why doesn’t God take away my desire to drink alcohol?”  The man said he hadn’t drank in a long time, but each day he battled the desire to succumb to temptation.  With sincerity, the pastor asked, “What kept him from drinking?  ”Simple,” the man said, “every day I ask God to help me not drink.”   Pointing out with love, the pastor said, “Would you pray every day if you didn’t have this battle?”

In other words, in our desperation, we find God.

Jesus spent 40 days and nights in the desert, fasting.  To say He was hungry when the devil tried to convince him to turn stones into bread is an understatement.  Jesus didn’t succumb; instead, He responded:

“It is written: ‘Man shall not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes from the mouth of God.’” (Matthew 4:4 NIV)

Another thing most people won’t forget is their cell phone.  Thanks to Life Church and the Youversion app, that also means you have easy access to God’s word.  In days of old, you had to carry the Bible with you in book format, now it’s pages are available at the touch of a finger.

Access God’s word to fight your battles.  Memorize His promises, so they become something you never forget.

Question of the Day:

What promise of God’s do you need to memorize today?

Further Reading: Jeremiah 2:31-4:18 NIV, Colossians 1:1-17 NIVPsalm 76 NIV, Proverbs 24:21-22 NIV

HOW CAN YOU STAND FIRM IN THE FACE OF ADVERSITY?

“Therefore, my brothers and sisters, you whom I love and long for, my joy and crown, stand firm in the Lord in this way, dear friends!” (Phil. 4:1 NIV)

Stand firm by rejoicing always.

“Rejoice in the Lord always. I will say it again: Rejoice! Let your gentleness be evident to all. The Lord is near.” (Phil. 4:4 NIV)

Paul’s letter to the Philippians is packed with useful scripture.  In chapter four, Paul is wrapping things up.  He’s giving them his final words of advice as he continues with his ministry.  He starts with rejoicing.  Why:

“Let your gentleness be evident to all. The Lord is near.” (Phil. 4:5 NIV

Rejoicing shows the Lord is near.

Paul encourages us to rejoice because it shows how close God is.  How do we rejoice when life is closing in on us?  Paul gives us the answer:

“Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.” (Phil. 4:6-7 NIV)

If you memorize one scripture in 2020, I highly recommend this one.  Paul’s instruction gives us the key to finding God’s peace.

  • Pray: start talking to God
  • Praise:  thank God for what He is doing in your life
  • Present: honestly tell God everything, good and bad
  • Peace: as you release cares to God, let His peace transcend you

Following Jesus is not a formula, but structure helps our conversations with God.  Often, people struggle with praying.  They are unsure of how to talk to God.  The above verses give us a plan to follow.  What this helps us do is focus our thoughts on God.  Worldly problems try to distract us from the One who has all of the answers.  Prayer helps us focus our attention back on God.  Paul gives us a guideline on how to connect with God.

And then he tells us what to think about:

“Finally, brothers and sisters, whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable—if anything is excellent or praiseworthy—think about such things.” (Phil. 4:8 NIV)

Instead of focusing on the negative, focus on the positive.  

In every situation, find something real and noble.  Look for the things Paul tells us to think about, and you’ll find them.  Sometimes we have to look harder than others.  But if we focus our eyes on Jesus, we’ll see what we’re looking for: hope.

Life’s tragedies are many.  Our hope is in Jesus.  We have to work to stay focused on His promises.  When we apply Paul’s teachings to our lives, we’ll succeed in our mission.

Pray, Praise, Present, Peace.  You’ll stand firm in adversity if you do.

Question of the Day:

How can Paul’s words help you stand firm?

Further Reading: Jeremiah 1:1-2:30 NIV, Philippians 4 NIV, Psalm 75 NIVProverbs 24:17-20 NIV

WHAT PRIZE ARE YOU TRYING TO WIN?

“Brothers and sisters, I do not consider myself yet to have taken hold of it. But one thing I do: Forgetting what is behind and straining toward what is ahead,  I press on toward the goal to win the prize for which God has called me heavenward in Christ Jesus.” (Philippians 3:13-14 NIV)

Win God’s prize for your race.

Each of us has a path.  God designed us for different purposes, accomplished with unique gifts.  Jesus helps us uncover the gold within each of us.  Embracing who we are in Christ is how we win the prize.

Like egg whites, folded into dough, Jesus folds into us.  Baker’s fold ingredients into the mixture maintaining the original structure while improving it.  Dough becomes lighter and fluffier as the air pockets increase.  In the same way, our lives lighten as we lay our burdens at Jesus feet.  Air moves into our lungs as we inhale His presence into our lives.  Lighter, freer with each layer we fold into Him.  

“And now, with God’s help, I shall become myself.” Soren Kierkegaard

Embracing Jesus helps us embrace ourselves.  As we begin to understand the depth of His love for us, we change.  For me, I stopped fighting and started living.  Instead of trying to change my circumstances, I work on accepting them.  My belief in God’s sovereignty means He knows exactly what is going on in my life; I trust He will use it for good.  Believing that statement lightens my load.  Allowing God to take control means I don’t have too.

God’s sovereignty allows me to accept my imperfections.  My past mistakes help others learn, connect, and grow.  My niece will never do certain things in her life because she knows what happened when I did them.  None of us know who and how we are influencing others with our actions.  When we are honest about our imperfections, it helps others accept theirs. 

God’s sovereignty is wrapped in unconditional love.  Knowing God loves me, despite all of my many sins, overwhelms me.  Confessing my sin to others allows me to say, “And yet He still loves me.”  God’s blessings overflow in my life, I’m not worthy of any of them.  Yet He still gives.  He humbles me with gentleness, He nurtures me with care.  As I fold deeper in Him, the more I’m aware of His amazing love.

My birthday weekend was a gift from God.  Plans changed last minute.  Perfect weather, company, and food.  God topped it off with a beautiful outdoor serenade.  When asked if I enjoyed the trip, my answer is simple.  “God is a lover, only a lover plans a trip that intimately.”  Why? The details that made the trip perfect were details only I would love.  

God loves each of us intimately.  He’s polishing our gold.  He’s leading us to the prize.

Question of the Day:

What gold is God polishing in you today?

Further Reading:Isaiah 66 NIV, Philippians 3:4-21 NIV, Psalm 74 NIV, Proverbs 24:15-16p pe NIV

WHO IS IT GOOD FOR YOU TO BE NEAR?

“But as for me, it is good to be near God.  I have made the Sovereign Lord my refuge;  I will tell of all your deeds.” (Psalm 73:28 NIV)

Get near God.

My favorite analogy is my parents.  Back in their day, cars and trucks had bench seats.  Young couples dating would sit side by side, as close as they could.  Eventually, after establishing themselves as a couple, they move apart.  Mom by her window, Dad by his as he drove.  One day, Mom says, “Why don’t you put your arm around me like you did when we were dating?”  Dad’s response, “I’m not the one who moved.”  He was still sitting in the driver’s seat; she was the one who scooched over into the passenger seat.

God’s still driving.

God hasn’t moved.  If you’re feeling disconnected to Him, check your position.  Have you moved away from God as you become more familiar with Him?  Is life going well right now, so you don’t feel the desperate need to reach out to Him like you once did?  Keeping close to God means we have to sit next to Him.

When Jesus taught, He walked in front, His students followed.  Remember, during that period, they wore sandals, walking on dusty roads.   Following closely means getting Jesus’s dust on you.  We have to pursue Jesus.  He remains the same; we’re the ones who float in and out.  To encounter His dust, we have to get close.

Even today, when something good happens, it’s easy to forget God’s part in it.  For me, relationships help me stay close to God.  In the flesh, my response isn’t what it is when I bring God into the equation.  When I seek His will before my own, life is better. Unfortunately, sometimes I prefer the passenger seat instead of next to Him.  And sometimes, I take the wheel and kick Him out of the car completely.

Your relationship with God is dependent on you.  How much time you spend chasing Him will determine its depth.  

We Are Marshall is a movie.  The story is about the college’s football team that perishes in an airplane crash.  Recruiting a new coach, the town and school rebuild after the tragedy.  Trying to gain special permission to have a team, the coach challenges the administration when told they’ve received no response from football’s governing body. Jack Lengyel, the coach, poses this question to University President Dedmon:  “Now, I am going to bet… that you didn’t propose over the phone.”  In other words, you need to go in person and talk to the powers that be.  The president followed Jack’s advice; he went in person, the season saved.

We can’t phone in a relationship with God.  Instead, we have to get close, letting His dust cover us as we draw near.

Question of the Day:

Have you moved away from God today?

Further Reading: Isaiah 62:6-65:25 NIV, Philippians 2:19-3:3 NIV, Psalm 73 NIV, Proverbs 24:13-14 NIV

HOW DO YOU VALUE OTHERS IN YOUR LIFE?

“Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves, not looking to your own interests but each of you to the interests of the others.” (Philippians 2:3-4 NIV)

Humility is the absence of pride.

For me, humility is remembering Christ died for everyone.  More importantly, that one person you can’t stand, He died for them too.  When we view the world through the lens of Jesus, it changes how we react to people.  Jesus’ sacrificial death on the cross was to pay for the sins of the world.  Those sins include mine and yours.  Even the tiniest of lies for the best of reasons is sin, according to God’s word.  None of us are above the law, only Jesus. 

Value others through Jesus’ eyes.

Pray this simple prayer:  “Jesus, let me see them as You see them.”  Start picturing what you think Jesus would do.  My favorite is the woman caught in adultery, dragged naked before Jesus.  Gently, Jesus kneels to the ground and starts writing.  One by one, the crowd disburses until all are gone.  When He stands, He forgives her and tells her to sin no more (John 8:1-11 NIV).  The reason I love this story, I imagine Jesus writing the sins of those around Him in the dirt, ones I’m sure I’ve committed.  That thought humbles me as it identifies my pride.

Pride and humility can’t coexist.  No matter who you are, the ego is something we all battle.  Arrogance isn’t only for the wealthy.  Human condition means we naturally value ourselves over others.  When offended, my first reaction isn’t love; I want them to pay for the hurt.  But that’s not what Jesus wants for me.  He wants me to follow His actions: 

“When He was accused by the chief priests and the elders, He gave no answer.”  (Matthew 27:12 NIV)

When falsely accused, Jesus said nothing.  He’s teaching me to do the same.  Most people don’t intend to cause us harm.  Instead, they are making the best decisions they can in their circumstances.  We never know what is going on in someone else’s world, but God does.  That’s why praying will reveal answers.  God knows what is best for each one of us.  

In college, my calculus professor taught me a lesson I haven’t forgotten.  I was trying to talk my way into a passing grade.  His response still rings in my head: “Sometimes you need a pat on the back, sometimes a kick in the butt.  You need a kick in the butt.”  Yep, I sure did.  Failing his class was the kick in the butt I needed to turn my life around.

Value others through Jesus’ eyes.  Start by praying for them.  He’ll show you the rest.

Question of the Day:

Who can you value in prayer today?

Further Reading: Isaiah 60:1-62:5 NIV, Philippians 1:27-2:18 NIV, Psalm 72 NIV, Proverbs 24:11-12 NIV

MEMORIES ARE GIFTS FROM GOD IN YOUR LIFE

“I thank my God every time I remember you.” (Philippians 1:3 NIV)

As you grow older, you experience more loss.  Memories become all you have left of people you love.  Physical mementos are reminders of times past.  Praising God for shared moments is natural.   If we didn’t love deeply, we wouldn’t grieve deeply.

“It’s so much darker when a light goes out than it would have been if it had never shone.  John Steinbeck, The Winter of Our Discontent

Early in my dating relationship with my husband, he won another piece of my heart with these words: “You’re worth the risk.”  His heart knew the pain I could cause him.  He was willing to take the chance.   He understood that when we invest our lives in someone else’s, the potential for pain increases. But the light they shine into your life, no matter how briefly, is better than not seeing it at all.

Let the light shine.

Don’t avoid relationships to avoid pain.  As Christ-followers, we are meant to live in community with others:

“Carry each other’s burdens, and in this way you will fulfill the law of Christ.” (Galatians 6:2 NIV)

Once we experience a heartbreaking loss, self-protection kicks in by kicking people out.  Hurting people hurt others; we’re all suffering in some way.  Instinctively, we think if we stay away from people, we can avoid pain.  That thought is a lie.  People help us heal as we allow them to love us in our pain.  Repairing our brokenness requires opening ourselves up to the light of others.

“In him was life, and that life was the light of all mankind.” (John 1:4 NIV)

Jesus is the light that shines through people.  Each one is shining differently.  As we journey through life, the amount of time differs with each person.  Some will travel your entire life with you, others a brief moment.  No matter how large the flame, it travels with you forever.  No two torches burn identically; every memory unique.

We can’t avoid the pain of loss, but we can embrace the joy of life.  Live in the moment and cherish the people God gives you.  Work to create memories that will last a lifetime.

For my 51st birthday, we created a memory.  We rode our bikes 52 miles, splitting it between two days.  One mile for each year, one for good measure.  Friends went with us; we spent the night in Richmond.  Everything about those 24 hours is memorable, from the beautiful scenery and good conversations to Poe’s Pub and Church Hill St.  All of us carry those moments with us the rest of our lives, no matter where we go.

Create moments in life not quickly forgotten.  No one knows the length of life’s journey. Thank God for the memories you have, and those yet to come.

Question of the Day:

How can you create a memorable moment today?

Further Reading: Isaiah 57:15-59:21NIV, Philippians 1:1-26 NIV, Psalm 71 NIV, Proverbs 24:9-10 NIV